Australia GST Calculator (Add or Remove 10% GST & BAS)
Add 10% GST or calculate the 1/11th GST component backwards from inclusive totals.
Concrete and Cement Embodied Carbon Estimator
Mix-level CO2e per m3 with fly-ash and slag swaps.
⟨/⟩ Embed this tool on your site
Paste this into any page — the live tool appears with a credit link back here.
✏️ Sketching your tool…
Sponsored: Recommended offer →
About Concrete and Cement Embodied Carbon Estimator
Free embodied-carbon tool: concrete volume, cement content and SCM replacement percent into tonnes CO2e. For contractors, architects and students. No signup.
Cement is the carbon
About 0.93 kg CO2e per kg of Portland cement from calcination plus fuel. Aggregates barely register beside it, so cutting cement content or replacing it is the entire game.
SCM swaps that work
Each percent of fly ash or slag replacing Portland cement cuts roughly 0.8 percent of mix emissions. A 50 percent slag mix nearly halves the footprint and usually improves durability.
📐 Methodology & Reference Accuracy:
Calculations, formulas, and conversions execute locally in your web browser. Output models are benchmarked against official reference standards and updated for 2026.
🔒 This tool runs entirely in your browser. Nothing is uploaded or stored.
Background reading: Concrete Carbon Estimator on Wikipedia. More: all calculators.
Frequently Asked Questions about Concrete and Cement Embodied Carbon Estimator
How much CO2 is in one m3 of concrete?
A standard 350 kg cement mix lands near 330 kg CO2e per m3. A 50 percent slag replacement drops it toward 180 kg.
What are SCMs?
Supplementary cementitious materials like fly ash and ground granulated blast-furnace slag that replace Portland cement while keeping strength.
Does less cement weaken concrete?
Not necessarily. Optimized mixes with SCMs routinely meet or exceed specified strength with better long-term durability.
Is this an LCA?
No. It is a mix-level screening estimate. Formal declarations need a full lifecycle assessment.
Related Articles & Guides
Oct 18, 2026
Estimate Your Dog Human-Equivalent Age (Guide)
Three steps, two minutes: exact decimal age, UCSD conversion, breed-size correction. Worked example for a 6.5-year-old Beagle (medium): ln(6.5) ≈ 1.872, times 16 ≈ 30, plus 31 ≈…
Read postOct 17, 2026
Dog Years vs Human Years: What Is the Difference?
Dog years count birthdays; human years map developmental equivalence. A 4-year-old dog has lived 4 dog years and functions like a ~53-year-old human. Same animal, two numbers, two…
Read postOct 17, 2026
Which Dog Age Calculator Is Scientifically Accurate?
The scientifically accurate calculator is the one running 16 × ln(age) + 31 with breed-size correction — currently that description fits a short list headlined by our own…
Read post