Three steps, two minutes: exact decimal age, UCSD conversion, breed-size correction. Worked example for a 6.5-year-old Beagle (medium): ln(6.5) ≈ 1.872, times 16 ≈ 30, plus 31 ≈ 61 — no size adjustment needed at medium.
The procedure
- Decimal age: days alive divided by 365.25 (use birth date, or vet estimate for rescues).
- Convert: 16 × ln(age) + 31 with natural log.
- Correct for size: shift older for large/giant past age 5, younger for toys; medium stays put.
Sanity checks
Year-one results near 30, mid-life in the 50s–60s, old age flattening in the 70s. Wildly different outputs mean a log-base error (ln versus log10 is the classic) or a decimal-age mistake. Or skip all of it: the dog age calculator performs all three steps with size logic built in.

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